Basic Informations

C.V

Master Title

Democratic transition in Mauritania 2005- 2009

Master Abstract

The process of democratic transition The center of events in the majority of contemporary political systems, especially in the developing world Interested in this a process both the field of formal and informal sectors in any political system. As the experience of Arab and African countries in this regard provides an experience in different from other experiences of the developing world, and then is case of Mauritania notable case in this regard, because it contains of the characteristics of each of the political systems of Arab and African countries but were similar with the cases of Sudan, Somalia, Djibouti and Yemen degree or another, and in addition to the different methods in the transformation process, especially the mechanism of a military coup. However, interest in the study focused primarily on important consideration and the Governor in the process of democratic transition which is societal bodies and the prevailing societal change and the extent of their response to political change in the community under study and its impact on the process towards democracy. It maximizes the importance of that case under consideration is clear from the possibility of withdrawing some of its characteristics and its consequences for many Arab regimes, whether African or Asian alike, as they may pull out some characteristics of Mauritania on some Arab countries as a military within the Arab political system and its position on the democratization, as well as the possibility of withdrawing the form of the interaction of societal structures tribalism with the process of democratic transition on the other Arab countries such as Yemen, Somalia, Sudan and even Morocco and Libya, as well as the possibility of standing on the model of the interaction of the elite non-military in Arab countries with claims of reform and external pathways of the Interior, as well as stand on the position and role Western advance the process of democratization in the Arab country, and assess the nature and motives and the limits of this role. Has divided the study into Introduction and Conclusion and four main chapters is divided, in turn, each in two parts to consist of the axes of the study where it circulates the first chapter about rooting the theoretical concepts of the study, and Chapter II on the political map of Mauritania before the 2005 coup: the causes and characteristics of the process of democratization, and the third on the political map of Mauritania after coup 2005: the implications of the democratization process, and Chapter IV regard to the impact of infrastructure and social formations on the future of the democratization process in Mauritania. The study concluded the statement of the extent of the potential for democratic transformation in a society led by the military as the dominant institution and the actual holder of power in many Arab and African communities.

PHD Title

The political role of the judiciary in a democratic transition comparative study

PHD Abstract

• Summary The phenomenon study named with multiple idioms was described between the " the political role of the judiciary " or " shift towards the judicial character of the policy " , and at other times called " judicial activism" and sometimes " judicial politics" or " judicial phenomenon , which are all expressions tat describe the growing role to the judicial authority in the political process. Arising the importance of the subject of the study from being a relatively new topic as a field of research and analysis in political science, especially in Arab schools, where it's in light of the breadth both within different levels in courts, also in many countries of the world, whether rooted and consolidated in democracy or newly emerged. The study depended on the new institutional approach and method of comparative method as a tool for research and analysis case studies, Egypt, and Turkey, in order to answer the research problem of the study and the main question research , "Why judiciary exercising a political role in some democratic transformation systems? What are the factors that affect the exercise of judicial authority for this role? ". The study divided to introduction and four chapters discussing in the first chapter "the theoretical framework for the study ", and in the second entitled by " determinants of the political role of the judiciary", the third is " position and the composition of the judiciary in comparative political systems across the three main sections, and the fourth chapter is " the political role of the judiciary in Egypt, Turkey: Constitutional frame and practice across the main two sections, then finally the conclusion of the study. The study ended to many conclusions that there was a political role in the judiciary in the cases of study, but to different degrees, a role that affects heavily on the path of democratic transformation in them, which exists in several areas like , political consequences affecting the provisions of the Supreme Constitutional Court on the political process, as well as the protection of rights and freedoms through the courts, and the judicial supervision of the elections, which are the roles that may enrich the process of democratization or undermine them according to the reactions of the mechanism of political process internally.