Leaders Psychology and its Impact on the Decision –Making in American politics –Comparative study –(Barrk Obama-Donald Trump)

Since the thirties of the twentieth century, the institutional and legal approaches have been the main approaches in the process of political analysis, then the behavioral approach appeared in the fifties of the twentieth century with adopting the individual level as a level of analysis in international relations and to prove that the state is a moral personality that is represented and expressed by a group of natural persons through decisions and behaviors related to the internal and external environments. This study attempts to determine the important role of the decision- maker in politics by highlighting the role of psychological factors, the psychological environment, and personality traits influence the decision- making process and the directions of domestic and foreign policies, There are many internal and external factors affecting the decision- making process, but the psychological aspect must be taken into account, i.e. the influence of the decision- maker and his role in the decision- making process. The belief, thinking, education, upbringing and social, political, cultural and other life of the decision- maker affect one way or another on the decision- making process. The study also focuses on denying the hypothesis of the importance of these factors and their acquisition of a larger area of influence in the policies of third world countries, as shown in many studies, given that third world countries are characterized by the concentration of all authorities around the person of the leader and his greater control over the decision- making process and his ability to The impact is greater than that of developed countries, where there is democracy, multi- partyism, the spread of culture, and the rejection of dictatorship. However, it can be said that the charismatic and strong personality is not exclusive to the environment of third world countries and can appear in developed countries. The study chose to analyze American politics, the global policy- maker and the largest democratic country, by examining the personality of US Presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump, their psychological environment, their philosophy, perceptions, perceptions, and beliefs, and their impact on guiding the US internal and external decision. The study focused on the domestic policy of the United States of America and the dealings of US Presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump with the issue of minorities and the issue of immigration and the similarities and differences in dealing with the two issues, and also focused on the foreign policy of the United States during the era of both presidents towards the distance of major countries and countries of the Middle East and towards some global issues to clarify The extent to which the psychology of both presidents affects the decision- making process. Keywords: (Psychology, decision- making, Psychological Environment, Personality Traits, Barack Obama, Donald Trump) .